Literary interdisciplinary research
zeinab rezapour; Mahnaz Mehrabizadeh Honarmand; Maedeh Moghadamianpour
Abstract
Positive psychology is a relatively new branch of psychological science that focuses on identifying human capabilities, talents, and the development of moral virtues, aiming to increase life satisfaction and well-being. The significant number of commonalities between the Marzbannameh and positive psychology ...
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Positive psychology is a relatively new branch of psychological science that focuses on identifying human capabilities, talents, and the development of moral virtues, aiming to increase life satisfaction and well-being. The significant number of commonalities between the Marzbannameh and positive psychology has motivated this descriptive-analytical study to examine and explain certain positive psychology components within the stories of the Marzbannameh. The research findings indicate that the author of the Marzbannameh, drawing upon the rich Iranian and Islamic cultural heritage, articulated precise points on these topics centuries before the formal development of positive psychology, using compelling stories and referencing verses, traditions, poems, and proverbs. Through this indirect method, the author internalized and solidified their teachings, improving the individual's perspective on life, behaviors, and social interactions. Despite the overlap between positive psychology and the Marzbannameh in many components, Varavini, due to his monotheistic worldview, does not consider acquiring moral virtues solely important for human happiness in this life but also for salvation in the afterlife. Therefore, the stories are intertwined with faith and religious beliefs, and the element of spirituality is not separate from other components but is the primary motivation for acquiring virtues and adhering to them.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Leila Azarnivar; Khodabakhsh Asadollahi
Abstract
Allegory lies in the literary term simile or metaphor, which allows the speaker to easily convey his abstract concepts. This feature makes poets and writers, even orators, use it as a container for expression. Philosophical, mystical and educational thoughts are for the user. Recent linguistic studies ...
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Allegory lies in the literary term simile or metaphor, which allows the speaker to easily convey his abstract concepts. This feature makes poets and writers, even orators, use it as a container for expression. Philosophical, mystical and educational thoughts are for the user. Recent linguistic studies have also considered metaphor as a secondary phenomenon in language and knowledge, as well as a builder of human knowledge and thinking. From this perspective, conceptual metaphor and allegory provide us with a new expression of the function of the brain in dealing with the surrounding world. The current research has investigated the Panj Ganj with the aim of understanding the function of parables using a cognitive approach. For this purpose, with a descriptive-analytical method based on library studies, while specifying the origin and purpose of proverbs, their function in the language field and the reasons for their use have been discussed. The results of analyzing allegories in Nezami poems with the conceptual metaphor approach indicate that the cognitive approach has not only led to a better understanding of the linguistic and literary structure of Nezami proverbs, but also to familiarization with the methods of forming and transmitting deeper and more complex meanings of proverbs. Therefore, in this way, the audience is better and more aware of the thoughts and ideas of the Nezami.
Literary interdisciplinary research
zeinab akbari
Abstract
In traditional pragmatics, the "Cooperative Principle" is emphasized as the cornerstone of successful communication; however, mystical language often employs seemingly contradictory strategies such as "deliberate misunderstanding." This study investigates the phenomenon of deliberate misunderstanding ...
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In traditional pragmatics, the "Cooperative Principle" is emphasized as the cornerstone of successful communication; however, mystical language often employs seemingly contradictory strategies such as "deliberate misunderstanding." This study investigates the phenomenon of deliberate misunderstanding within mystical discourse through the lens of Socio-Cognitive Pragmatics (SCA). The aim is to elucidate the formation, functions, and influencing factors of deliberate misunderstanding in the verbal interactions of mystics by qualitatively analyzing a collection of mystical texts and dialogues from the 4th to 7th centuries. Deliberate misunderstanding arises from a complex interplay of "linguistic" (polysemy, resonance), "cognitive" (differences in levels of understanding, presuppositions, and beliefs), and "social" (goals and intentions, socio-cultural positioning, and power relations) factors. Findings reveal that this phenomenon is not merely a communication breakdown but a strategic tool for mystics to enhance the cognitive load of conversations, occurring based on two key factors: "salience" and "egocentrism." The implications and functions of deliberate misunderstanding in mystical language include redirecting discourse, indirect teaching, neutralizing threats, exhibiting spiritual authority, cultural-identity resistance, challenging established beliefs, and reshaping conceptual frameworks.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Zeinab Sadeghi Sahlabad
Abstract
The language and literature of a nation encompass a wide range of values, beliefs, and ideologies, which can play a significant role in enhancing international understanding and cultural diplomacy. The present research seeks to answer the question: What role does Persian literature, especially the Shahnameh, ...
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The language and literature of a nation encompass a wide range of values, beliefs, and ideologies, which can play a significant role in enhancing international understanding and cultural diplomacy. The present research seeks to answer the question: What role does Persian literature, especially the Shahnameh, play in strengthening Iran's cultural diplomacy in Russia? To answer this question, the research employs Joseph Nye's theory regarding the application of cultural diplomacy as a form of soft power. Using a descriptive-analytical approach with relevant examples, it highlights the prominent and decisive role of A. Ferdowsi in Iran's cultural diplomacy in Russia. The hypothesis posits that Persian literature, especially the Shahnameh, plays a crucial role in enhancing Iran's cultural diplomacy in Russia, serving as a bridge between the two nations and cultures while conveying positive images of Iranian culture and history. Furthermore, it suggests that this literature can contribute to literary tourism. The findings demonstrate that the Shahnameh has significantly influenced Russian literary figures, leading to the creation of literary works inspired by it. Consequently, it is concluded that due to its inherent capacities, the Shahnameh can effectively participate in intercultural discourse between Iran and Russia, thereby expanding the cultural boundaries of the country.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Alireza Mozaffari
Abstract
Mehrdad Bahar believed that Siavash's narration was taken from the Mesopotamian narration of Tammuz or Damozi. According to him, Siavash plays the role of a plant god. In this article, another version of the Vedic traditions, namely the story of Agni, the god of fire, is proposed as the basis of the ...
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Mehrdad Bahar believed that Siavash's narration was taken from the Mesopotamian narration of Tammuz or Damozi. According to him, Siavash plays the role of a plant god. In this article, another version of the Vedic traditions, namely the story of Agni, the god of fire, is proposed as the basis of the story of Siavash. Siavash in the Iranian narrative is a derivative of Vedic Agni. Just as Agni is the son of Diaos and Prithivi, the gods of the sky and earth, Siavash is also the son of Kavus as the representative of Diaos, the god of the sky, and his mother from Turan, the earth, as the representative of the mother of the earth and the female god of fertility. Siavash, like Agni, the god of fire, is reborn with every death and blackout. Just as Kerchmer said that the birth of fire from mother earth causes the death of the mother, the birth of Siavash also follows the death of his mother. The fire in most of the dreams of Siavash and others in Ferdowsi's report always represents Siavash himself. Siavash's departure from Iran to Turan is another interpretation of the descent of Agni, the god of fire, from his fatherland, the sky, to the earth as his motherland. The death of Siavash and the growth of Siavashan's blood plant from his blood is an interpretation of the extinguishing of human fire and rebirth in the form of plant fire or (urwᾱziṧta) in the so-called Mazdisani texts.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Abolfazl Mohebbi; Kalil Beigzadeh
Abstract
Modern historicism is one of the theories in the field of literary criticism and one of the sub-branches of post-structuralism, which was founded by Steven Greenblatt in the late seventies and early eighties. Contrary to traditional historicism, which speaks of the one-sided influence of history on literature, ...
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Modern historicism is one of the theories in the field of literary criticism and one of the sub-branches of post-structuralism, which was founded by Steven Greenblatt in the late seventies and early eighties. Contrary to traditional historicism, which speaks of the one-sided influence of history on literature, modern historicism believes in the two-sided influence of literature and history on each other. In this research, relying on library and documentary studies and with an analytical-descriptive approach, we have tried to examine the story of Khosroparviz and Bahram Chobin in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh based on the criticism of modern historicism, identify and analyze its discourses, and finally present a new meaning from it. Based on the obtained results, it can be said that three discourses of Bahram, Khosroparviz and Gardieh are represented in the story and each has its own special linguistic interpretations. The fundamental conflict is between Bahram Chubin and Khosroparviz. On the one hand, Bahram represents the Parthian discourse and on the other hand, the representative of the Pahlavi discourse. Khosroparviz is also a representative of the Shahriari discourse on the one hand and Sasanian discourse on the other hand. At the beginning of Bahram's discourse, the dominant discourse is the story; But Khosrow later becomes the central discourse.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Hadi Yousefi; Behzad Rezaee
Abstract
Abstract:One of the new methods of psychoanalytic criticism of literary texts is based on Jacques Lacan's opinions, which uses the science of linguistics and philosophy The present study aims to analyze the novel " Mard-e Kaboud" by "Payam Azizi" in a descriptive-analytical way due to the coherence and ...
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Abstract:One of the new methods of psychoanalytic criticism of literary texts is based on Jacques Lacan's opinions, which uses the science of linguistics and philosophy The present study aims to analyze the novel " Mard-e Kaboud" by "Payam Azizi" in a descriptive-analytical way due to the coherence and narration of the fundamental lack in the main character of the novel based on Lacan's opinions.The research results show that there are many elements of Lacan's opinions in the mentioned novel; But the main axis of the novel is formed around the two concepts of "father's name" and "psychological blockages". And the absence of names of all the characters in the novel shows the heavy shadow of reality, symbolic fathers are present in this novel with both positive and negative effects on the subject. Also, the phallus can be considered the most important factor in the continuation of the symbolic system in this novel and finally, separation, which is a proof of the wisdom and desire of the subject, takes place in the novel The Mard-e Kaboud.
Literary interdisciplinary research
zahra saadat mousavi; Mohammad Ali Khazaneh darlo; mahmood Ranjbar; Amir qorbanpoorlamfejani
Abstract
Happiness has many examples and manifestations in our literary and mystical texts, including Manazal Al-Saerin. The point of departure of this research is based on the hypothesis that the type of happiness proposed in the mystical work of Manazel Al-Saerin corresponds to the patterns of positive psychology. ...
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Happiness has many examples and manifestations in our literary and mystical texts, including Manazal Al-Saerin. The point of departure of this research is based on the hypothesis that the type of happiness proposed in the mystical work of Manazel Al-Saerin corresponds to the patterns of positive psychology. In this research, using qualitative content analysis, the concept of happiness in the homes of Al-Saareen and positive psychology has been investigated. The results show: the majority of Khwaja Abdullah Ansari's votes in Al-Saareen's houses are devoted to factors and manifestations of happiness. The process and factors of creating happiness such as: satisfaction and satisfaction, hope and love in the two views of Manazel al-Saerin and positive psychology, as well as the manifestations of happiness such as: joy, taste, delight and overwhelm in Manazel al-Saerin have been compared with some components of "drowning" in positive psychology. And the difference between both fields in the two schools is in the basics, scope, depth and purpose of happiness. Also, the approach of positive psychology and Manazel al-Saerin in the concept of happiness and the three components of happiness from the point of view of positive psychology, which includes positive emotion, attraction and meaning, overlap with each other in different material forms, but in the spiritual approach of happiness based on mysticism, the main axis of creating happiness. In terms of communication with God, knowing and knowing about him, contentment, hope and love for God are summed up.
Literary interdisciplinary research
kobra bahmani
Abstract
The rational understanding of the self is referred to as "Philosophical Psychology." Philosophical epistemology, by distinguishing humans into selves and faculties, evaluates and measures human cognitive faculties. Each faculty is an instrument of knowledge for one of the worlds or hierarchies of existence ...
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The rational understanding of the self is referred to as "Philosophical Psychology." Philosophical epistemology, by distinguishing humans into selves and faculties, evaluates and measures human cognitive faculties. Each faculty is an instrument of knowledge for one of the worlds or hierarchies of existence because each has an origin beyond human existence and is capable of perceiving its own related existence. This research aims to clarify the position of philosophical psychology in two works, Hadīqah and Sīral-Ibād, through a comparative analysis of psychology in the views of the Peripatetic philosophers. Thus, by considering Avicenna's perspective on the self in the section on the soul in his book Shifā and the views of the scholars of the City of Virtue of Al-Farabi, it reaches the structure of philosophical anthropology in Peripatetic wisdom and examines Sīral-Ibād and Hadīqah from this perspective. This research examines the perspective that leads to the perfection of the human self-culminating in happiness and light, seeking its starting point in psychology, as ontology and self-awareness in Sanāyi’s view are based on psychology. Sanāyi, in the manner of philosophers, dissects humans and the world for identification into disconnected and fragmented parts; the fragments connect through numerous intermediaries; thus, existence is ranked and tiered, just as it was for identification. According to Sanāyi, the stages of human journey exist in the worlds of perception, and the beginning of happiness is based on sensory perception. Ascension in the structure of philosophical psychology is not an ascent but a return to the origin.
Literary interdisciplinary research
ali jafari shahrestani; farshad momeni
Abstract
This study, uses a qualitative research method, i.e. narrative inquiry, to extract the principles of Kasra Anoushiravan’s tax reforms, as the earliest economic reforms in our country, from available historical resources and formulate it in a policy package. The results of our study shows that Anoushiravan ...
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This study, uses a qualitative research method, i.e. narrative inquiry, to extract the principles of Kasra Anoushiravan’s tax reforms, as the earliest economic reforms in our country, from available historical resources and formulate it in a policy package. The results of our study shows that Anoushiravan took six crucial steps in renovating the tax system: 1) broadening the tax base from agricultural crops to the area under cultivation, including gardens according to their fruit trees 2) reforming the tax rates from a constant rate of one-third or one-fourth to different tax rates for different products 3) determining the frequency of tax collection to be three times a year in order to stabilize the inventories of the treasury during the year, and obliging people to pay their taxes in cash in order to reducing the transaction costs and providng a fertile ground for the development of markets 4) establishing a three part system consisting of the minister and the treasurer as the tax receivers, regional executive officers as the tax collectors, and the grand priest as the supervisor 5) exempting peasants from paying tax for damaged fields, damaged crops and self-consuming products, and allocating part of tax revenues to provide harmed or landless peasants with land, seeds, or farming tools and protecting them by repairing agricultural infrastructures including rivers and water channels 6) making the tax system much better targeted by determining the tax rate according to people’s capabilities and finally reduction of tax evasion.
Literary interdisciplinary research
madineh mahdavi; mohammadamir obaydinia
Abstract
Literature in all its forms creates a connection between people, and in mystical literature, mystics have maintained this connection with their works, with their special attention to the education of seekers and public guidance. From another point of view, Persian mystical literature can be divided into ...
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Literature in all its forms creates a connection between people, and in mystical literature, mystics have maintained this connection with their works, with their special attention to the education of seekers and public guidance. From another point of view, Persian mystical literature can be divided into two groups: other writings and self-writings, in which Persian literature is a means of expressing the lofty mystical, moral and educational purposes of mystics. The special way of communicating is one of the characteristics of these precious works, which is hidden in the written word of mystics and gives it a special attraction. One of the new sciences that helps to understand the non-verbal communication hidden in the verbal layers of mystical literature is the science of communication. This research, with a descriptive-analytical method and with an interdisciplinary approach, examines the components of non-verbal communication used in the recording of the sayings of "Sheikh Abul Hasan Kharqani" which have been preserved in "Nural Uloom" and other valuable works of Persian mystical literature, and due to the fact that the Sheikh was Umi, it is among the works Mysticism is another writing. Surveys showed that the component of "phonetic relations" has the highest frequency. The findings and classifications indicate the wide use of non-verbal communication along with verbal communication in Kharghani's sayings, and this has made his words attractive and acceptable among mystics and the general public.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Nayere Dalir; fateme baratloo
Abstract
Despite its epic nature, Ferdowsi's Shahnameh contains numerous references to reconciliation between humans and animals, which can be formulated as the Iranian idea of "world peace." On the other hand, the theory of "positive peace" from the perspective of Johann Galtung emphasizes components such ...
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Despite its epic nature, Ferdowsi's Shahnameh contains numerous references to reconciliation between humans and animals, which can be formulated as the Iranian idea of "world peace." On the other hand, the theory of "positive peace" from the perspective of Johann Galtung emphasizes components such as the absence of structural and cultural violence, acceptance of cultural differences, realization of social justice, and inner peace in order to achieve "lasting peace" in today's societies. This article attempts to answer two key questions by comparative examination of Galtung's theory of "positive peace" and the idea of "world peace" in the Shahnameh: How can the epistemological system of the Shahnameh be interpreted as a representation of the Iranian idea of "world peace" versus "positive peace"? And what contradictions and challenges to the idea of "world peace" compared to the theory of "positive peace" make its realization difficult? The research findings show that the concept of "global reconciliation" in the Shahnameh carries messages of reconciliation and coexistence, but is based on opposition to the "other." These contradictions are rooted in the narrative structure of national history and the global approach of the Shahnameh. Other research findings clarify the refusal of the conditions for realizing "lasting peace" based on mythological-religious foundations and the system of dual worlds (Iranian/non-Iranian), while paying attention to "global reconciliation."
Literary interdisciplinary research
Fatemeh Jabbari gharebagh; Najmeh Dorri; Saeed Bozorg bigdeli
Abstract
Folklore and folk literature have long been recognized as a valuable treasure and spiritual asset of societies, providing a foundation for the growth and survival of nations. Within folk culture, the One Thousand and One Nights stories offer a suitable platform for the transmission of knowledge, the ...
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Folklore and folk literature have long been recognized as a valuable treasure and spiritual asset of societies, providing a foundation for the growth and survival of nations. Within folk culture, the One Thousand and One Nights stories offer a suitable platform for the transmission of knowledge, the education of the younger generation, and protection against the infiltration of foreign cultures. This research explores the potential of folklore and folk literature through the lens of "gamification" to make the One Thousand and One Nights stories more applicable in contemporary society. Gamification is one of the newest methods of indirectly encouraging people to do something. In fact, by playing games based on One Thousand and One Nights tales, young audiences become unknowingly involved in the story of the book and, by the end of the game, have studied a tale. These stories, drawing on the power of folklore, can effectively convey moral and human values to the audience and maintain and strengthen their connection with literature. Inspired by the characteristics of the One Thousand and One Nights, this study focuses on gamifying two stories, "The Fisherman" and "The Lying Slave," which appear on the third and eighteenth nights respectively, to create an engaging and immersive gaming experience that is not only entertaining but also educational. The theoretical stages of game design are presented in this research, and an Android game based on the story of the eighteenth night has also been designed.
