Literary interdisciplinary research
marjan aliakbarzade zehtab; Hossein Yazdani
Abstract
Introduction
he main issue of the present article is to provide a bridge between Sa’di's thoughts in Boostan and social work based on the theory of Saadat Farabi (872 AD - 950 AD). Research questions; As one of the best poets of Persian educational literature, how did Sa’di deal with the ...
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Introduction
he main issue of the present article is to provide a bridge between Sa’di's thoughts in Boostan and social work based on the theory of Saadat Farabi (872 AD - 950 AD). Research questions; As one of the best poets of Persian educational literature, how did Sa’di deal with the concepts of social work in Boostan? Also, how is the connection between these garden concepts and the theory of Saadat Farabi? theories; In Boostan, Sa’di not only addressed many concepts of social work, but also made and institutionalized those concepts based on current rumors. Also, there are undeniable links between the educational concepts of Boostan Sa’di, which is in the field of social work, and the theory of Saadat Farabi.
Materials and Methods
The method of this research is library, descriptive-analytical and based on Boostan Sa’di's verses, principles of social work and Saadat Farabi's theory.
Literature Review
Some sources of research background; "The Roots of Persian Literature in Social Work" by Ali Asghar Pakdel Soltani and Parviz Shams (1995), which generally focuses on the relationship between educational and social work literature and not on Sa’di in particular. Najaf Jokar (2006) in "The Ideal Society in the View of Farabi and Sa’di" examined the commonalities of the ideal city from the point of view of two thinkers in the field of governance and politics, while the topic of the research is intellectual and moral commonalities. Mary Muffet, W. and Jose B. Ashford (2021) in "Principles and Basics of Social Work" have only explained the intellectual and practical foundations of this knowledge. Therefore, none of the mentioned researches have addressed the topic in the present article, and it seems absolutely necessary to conduct this research.
Discussion
Concepts related to social work have existed in Iranian culture for a long time and can be seen in literature as well. Farabi, a scientist of the 4th century, says that true happiness is achieved by doing good deeds, beautiful actions and moral virtues. He considers the way to achieve true happiness to be closer to God. (Farabi, 2002: 280) Social work knowledge is also based on achieving spiritual and true happiness. On the other hand, the teachings of Persian educational literature, which Sa’di is the leader of, can be considered as the eastern type of modern science of social work. Therefore, Boostan Sa’di and social work are along the theory of Saadat Farabi.
According to Sa’di, it is the best kind of charity to receive the sense of happiness by the person himself. The real needy person is a helper and not a helper, because a benevolent person, by doing a good deed, reaches inner peace, which means true happiness. You only plant a seed of goodness, but in this profitable spiritual transaction, you reap the "harvests" of spirituality (ibid.: 62).
helping poor; A helper, like a bridge, delivers aid to the materially and culturally needy in order of priority. (Halabi, 2018: 146) Sa’di says: It may be late tomorrow and you will die, so help the poor as soon as possible. (Ibid.: 66)
compliance with social justice; The worker must inform the authorities about social justice. From Farabi's point of view, social justice is defined in the political field by expressing the utopia and the fair distribution of public benefits. (Farabi, 1992: 239) Sa’di tells the ruler that with more benevolence, you can gain more power (ibid.: 78).
Helping orphans; From the point of view of social work science, an orphan is someone who does not have an effective guardian or guardian. (Johnson, 2000: 55) Sa’di, who himself was orphaned as a child, has a special regard for orphans and knows about their suffering. (Sa’di, 1989: 80)
helping the elderly; Sa’di advises to preserve the dignity of the elderly and help them by young people - which is one of the concepts of helping. (Ibid.: 89)
Helping travelers and strangers; Sa’di says that the traveler is our guest, we must respect him and protect him from any kind of harm. (Ibid.: 44)
respect for prisoners and their families; Sa’di addresses the issue of the innocence of the imprisoned woman and child and recommends helping them - which is in the field of social work. (Ibid.: 51)
Recommendation to comply with social work ethics; In his address to the helper, Sa’di explicitly stops him from looking arrogantly at the help-seekers: (Ibid: 80)
Conclusion
From Farabi's point of view, true happiness is associated with gaining spirituality, closeness to God and divine guidance, and distance from material and worldly affairs. In most of Boostan Sa’di's charitable concepts, a person does charity for his true happiness. Benevolence and charity is the most important message of Sa’di's help in Boostan. It is as if he has organized a code of social work, such as: helping the poor, paying attention to social justice, helping orphans and the homeless, respecting the elderly, respecting and helping travelers and strangers, helping prisoners and their families, and avoiding bribery. and self-esteem by the helper. The root of help should be found in the spiritual and philanthropic thoughts of the East, because long before the western world, it was discussed in Iranian philosophical texts, including Farabi's works, and also in the field of literary education, writers such as Sa’di, but centuries later, this social knowledge was compiled and Today's discipline has returned to Iran as a western science! Therefore, social work, the theory of Saadat Farabi and Boostan Sa’di should be considered as three sides of a triangle. The main side of this triangle is Saadat Farabi's theory of happiness, because both social work and Boostan Sa’di are based on the intellectual infrastructure of this theory.
Literary interdisciplinary research
ayoob moradi; Farhad Doroodgarian
Abstract
Introduction
Based on the classical view, metaphor, as one of the elements of image creation and imagination of words, had a purely literary function, and therefore, it should be investigated in one of the branches of rhetorical sciences, namely, the science of expression. According to this view, "metaphorical ...
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Introduction
Based on the classical view, metaphor, as one of the elements of image creation and imagination of words, had a purely literary function, and therefore, it should be investigated in one of the branches of rhetorical sciences, namely, the science of expression. According to this view, "metaphorical language is also considered a tool to depict poetry, which is not used in normal speech" (Afrashi and Naeimi, 2009: 11). But new studies in the field of metaphor show the fact that metaphor is not only a literary category; rather, the human perceptual system has a completely metaphorical nature, and people unconsciously use the metaphorical framework to understand concepts and issues, especially concepts that have an abstract nature.
One of the important conceptual fields, for which an urgent need for conceptual metaphors is felt, is the field of categories related to illness and healing. The complexity of feelings, emotions and beliefs and perceptions of sick people about what, why and how the disease is, makes it difficult to directly express experiences; Especially, the sick person does not feel good about directly confronting the disease and its complications, and therefore it is his preference, those around him, and the treatment staff to have an indirect expression on this issue by using visual language. A feature that is clearly visible in the book "From Qaytariyeh to Orange County".
Methodology
"From Qaitariya to Orange County" contains the life experiences of contemporary critic and writer Hamidreza Sadr on the issue of cancer. In 2017, Sadr became aware of the presence of advanced cancer in his body and decided to write his experiences about this disease. He died in July 1400 due to cancer. In this research, which is written in the descriptive manner of quantitative content analysis, it has been tried to focus on the images presented by the narrator about cancer, to examine different perceptions of this disease and to answer these questions that if metaphors, reflecting the patient's lived experience, the metaphors and images used by the narrator of "From Qaitariya to Orange County", which feelings and experiences do they show towards the disease? Secondly, what is the effect of this type of imaging of the disease on the patient's mood during the treatment process? And can the narrator's lived experience in "From Qaitariya to Orange County" be considered as a reminder to emphasize the need to change the patient's mind through schema therapy, at the same time as treating his body?
In this regard, first all the textual evidences were identified and extracted, and then, while introducing the domain of origin and destination in the presented images - according to the suggested pattern in conceptual metaphors - these evidences were categorized and analyzed. As mentioned, the theoretical framework of this research is conceptual metaphor theory. A theory that assigns a metaphorical nature to the conceptual system that governs people's thoughts and considers the physical experiences of humans as well as the common experiences resulting from the individual's interaction with others as the main factor that creates these metaphors. It is necessary to pay attention to this principle that the category of conceptual metaphor in Johnson and Likoff's thought is more than classical metaphor and includes all the images that are categorized under simile, metaphor and irony in classical rhetoric.
Data analysis
Examining 101 images of cancer presented throughout the text in various types such as conceptual metaphors, classical metaphors and similes, shows that the metaphor of "disease as an enemy" is the most used by repeating 40 times throughout the text. After this image, the metaphor "disease as a monster" has the next place with 13 times. The group of images of the metaphor "Facing illness as participating in a sports competition" is in the next position with 14 times, followed by the metaphors "Illness as a ruthless and tyrannical commander" and "Illness as captivity and prison" with 7 times. "Illness as a melting element" with 6 times, "Illness as a vagrant mob" 5 times, "Illness as a companion" 5 times, "Illness as a sinking phenomenon" 3 times and three images "Illness as a crushing element", "Illness as an abyss" and "disease as a storm", with the frequency of 2 times each, have occupied the next positions. Of course, it is important to mention that in this review, only images with more than one repetition have been discussed; Otherwise, there are limited cases of once-repeated images such as disease as a tree, disease as a seed, disease as a tailor, and disease as a hairdresser in the text, which were not considered in the present review due to the lack of repetition.
The analysis of the goals and values hidden in these images shows the fact that the narrator of "From Qaytarieh to Orange County" had a negative attitude towards this disease from the very beginning of being aware of the presence of cancer cells in his body. A position where there is no sign of improvement or change anywhere in the text. In the entire narration, there is no effort from the narrator, the people around him, and the treatment staff to show the effort to correct this negative portrayal. In only one case, one of the patient's relatives intends to correct the patient's mentality by donating a book on coping with cancer, but the patient does not pay attention to this book.
Discussion
It seems that if the narrator or those around him, in addition to the impressive and tireless efforts they made in order to perform various physical treatments, had also paid attention to the issue of changing the mental schemas and metaphors of the patient regarding cancer, the possibility of obtaining more favorable results from the treatment process would not have been out of mind. . Although the duration of Ravi's physical resistance against cancer cells has been according to the doctors' initial predictions and even more. But during the entire treatment period, the heavy shade of disappointment and boredom and annoyance accompanies the patient.
In general, it can be said that the negative depiction of various diseases, including fatal and incurable diseases, diseases with a high prevalence and even curable diseases, and the use of images such as the enemy, monster, etc., although at first glance it induces a sense of struggle and resistance, but in the long run it causes There will be mental and emotional erosion of the sufferers, and therefore it is recommended to prepare the patient's spirit and mind to go through a process with the aim of managing and controlling the disease by replacing manageable and controllable schemas and patterns. A goal that the new findings of psychologists in the field of schema therapy can play an important role in fulfilling.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Mandana Mangeli
Abstract
Introduction
The female story writers have a special place and role in the contemporary period. The nucleus of the novels moves around the problems of women. While delineating their story, they present the inner world of the women which constitute their pains, sufferings, loneliness and apprehensions. ...
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Introduction
The female story writers have a special place and role in the contemporary period. The nucleus of the novels moves around the problems of women. While delineating their story, they present the inner world of the women which constitute their pains, sufferings, loneliness and apprehensions. One of the social evils which contemporary novels have covered is the type of human loneliness, loneliness as a dangerous factor that leads to the origin of several physical and psychological ailments which is always in the fore front. The important role of ideal family relationship controls and checks the development of loneliness. Therefore, the ideal family relationship and the feeling of loneliness are highly relevant to human existence. The sincere relationship and the feeling of loneliness are relevant to human existence. The sincere relationship as a marker of a psychological well-being is worthy of attention. An appropriate ideal relationship is an important factor which can reduce the feeling of loneliness and conduce a satisfactory life. The families whose members spend most of their time on mutual and reciprocal visits and exchange their views on various topics, they experience little loneliness. In fact, the ideal relationships make a beneficial impact on psychological health of an individual and fill his/her life with happiness. It is, thus, necessary to initiate the ideal relationship of families.
Loneliness as a marker of human existential pain has been taken cognizance in Persian novels. Existentialism is the part of the preliminary school of thought that pays heed to human loneliness and it is constantly engaged with it. One of the philosophers of existentialism is Ervin Yalom who has dealt with the subject of pain and apprehension of loneliness. Most of his viewpoints are comparable with the fictional characters of Belgheis Soleimani (born 1342).
Methodology
This research having access to the studies in the libraries and benefiting from the analytical methodology presents a review on the topic. Various markers and evidence based on the books of clinical psychology of existentialism authored by David Yalom resonate with the works of Belgheis Soleimani. The present article while discussing answers to the given questions.
What is that fundamentally effective factor of loneliness of the characters in the fictional works of Belgheis Soleimani from the perspective of Yalom?
Which of the types of lonely characters as per the view of David Yalom deserves more attention in the novel of Belgheis Soleimani.
Findings
David Yalom considers loneliness as the primary source of human pain and stress. His view point related to loneliness and isolation is fundamentally existentialist. Most of the characters of the fiction of Belgheis Soleimani suffer from loneliness and destitution. They are caught in the web of perplexity. The present research with a view to the causes of loneliness from the point of view of David Yalom and the works of Belgheis Soleimani is descriptive-analytical. The review aims at the study of the factors of loneliness in the characters of the stories of Belgheis Soleimani from the point of view of David Yalom.
Based on the findings and results of the present research most of the fictional characters of Belgheis Soleimani are particularly women. They endeavor to face the impediments of society. They strive to create a unique identity for themselves. But they do not succeed in it. Loneliness decimates them and leads them to commit suicide. During this period, family plays a fundamental role in the loneliness of the fictional characters of Belgheis Soleimani. The women in their quest for achievement in foreign land are subject to a lonely life. Human identity and acceptance of loneliness in life and the relationship with others play a very effective role. Based on the findings of the research, the stress of loneliness is a result of the intensity of an individual relationship with his/her outer world.
Conclusion
Belgheis Soleimani is a contemporary woman writer. Most of the characters in her stories are women. She is a writer who has a conviction and specific philosophical viewpoint towards life. She portrays apprehension as an impediment and obstruction for women in society.
The women of her novels due to their pursuit of education as students, marriage, divorce, immigration, etc. are caught in various forms of loneliness. The female fictional characters of her, due to not having suitable environmental conditions become victims of various forms of loneliness and displacement. Overall, loneliness among individuals mostly reflects the various forms of loneliness of Yalom in the stories of Belgheis Soleimani. In most of the cases of loneliness among individuals in the novels of Soleimani, the characters face physical distances and are placed far away from their city, become migrants, tied in the knot of marriage, and strive for education, etc. which take them to the islands of loneliness.
Literary interdisciplinary research
zahra ehsani; hamidreza shairi; morteza babak moin
Abstract
The elements of the discourse are generally convergent with their existence universe in adjustable regime; if this regime is not adjustable (discontinuity), it behaves divergently with its existence universe. Therefore, the current research tries to deal with the formation of adjustment and discontinuity ...
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The elements of the discourse are generally convergent with their existence universe in adjustable regime; if this regime is not adjustable (discontinuity), it behaves divergently with its existence universe. Therefore, the current research tries to deal with the formation of adjustment and discontinuity regime based on discourse semiotics in Puzzle of Architect Mahyar drama by Reza Ghasemi. Hence, eight samples were selected from the whole body and analyzed in a descriptive analytical way. The results obtained in this research indicate that, first, identity is formed in relation to body orientation; Secondly, an identity collapses when it faces the separation of the physical and material body from the phenomenal body. This creates insecurity in the discourse and finally, it causes the occurrence of discontinuity in the conditions of challenge, and it is precisely in this state that the frozen and fixed situation breaks down and semantic transformation occurs.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Hoda Esmaeiltabar; Esmaeil Najar
Abstract
Conducting comparative literary studies is one of the essential subjects and approaches in literature nowadays. American school of comparative literature provides a suitable framework for research on themes, opinions, and hidden concepts of works irrespective of their original language. In this article, ...
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Conducting comparative literary studies is one of the essential subjects and approaches in literature nowadays. American school of comparative literature provides a suitable framework for research on themes, opinions, and hidden concepts of works irrespective of their original language. In this article, we compare the play An Eye for an Eye, by an Iranian playwright Gholam Hossein Saedi, and The Tempest by a French Black writer and poet Aime Cesaire. This research, by using the American school of comparative literature and by drawing from Foucault's theories, scrutinizes the similarities and differences between these two plays. In Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, Foucault explains various governments' methods of punishment throughout history. People in power, by using their own approved system of thoughts and punishments, put common people of society under pressure, and chastise them. Foucault does not necessarily think these punishments are deterrent or adequate to the crime committed by a criminal, yet his/her body is used as a penal and correctional system. It will be examined that in these two cases the kings’ presence as the highest member of power is the only determinant of punishment. The absence of a judiciary system in both plays highlights the fact that much of the government's actions are baseless and biased. In An Eye for an Eye, the dominant system prefers corporal punishments whereas in The Tempest it privileges the mental/psychological one. Foucault believes that dominant institutions sometimes use punishment for its dramatic nature in order to intimidate people. This nature of punishment is represented and noticeable in both of our selected plays.
Literary interdisciplinary research
hiva hasanpour; hajar hedayatizadeh
Abstract
Evaluations and value patterns are among the things based on which literary texts can be examined and analyzed. This research has investigated and analyzed two collections of stories accompanied by the Hamrahe ahanghaye baabaam and Abshouran by Dervishes, based on text valuation patterns and relying ...
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Evaluations and value patterns are among the things based on which literary texts can be examined and analyzed. This research has investigated and analyzed two collections of stories accompanied by the Hamrahe ahanghaye baabaam and Abshouran by Dervishes, based on text valuation patterns and relying on vernacularism and interdisciplinary knowledge. The research method is descriptive and analytical. These two collections of stories are among the works that were written in the field of realism, and by relying on the valuation patterns in them, the author's focalizations, highlights, and evaluations can be seen. Measure the canvas in them. The results of the research indicate that the dervishes in the form of environmental elements and to express the pains and sufferings of the middle and weak strata of the society in contrast to the affluent strata, environmental manipulations and destructions, although aligned with the manifestations of culture and progress. However, he does not like it and always has negative evaluations towards them. Also, according to the value patterns of the texts, it can be understood that a peaceful life alongside nature and its dangers is rooted in respect for the multifaceted political, social, etc. dependencies of humans with nature. It is necessary to mention that the narrator's social, economic and cultural position has a significant impact on forming a point of view in connection with the environment.
Literary interdisciplinary research
maryam dorpar; mozhgan mirhoseini
Abstract
The nature of metaphor is collective and communal, and since historical issues play a role in the selection of the origin of metaphors and their cognitive function, in the present research, the reasons for the emergence of the conceptual metaphor "the lover is light" in Persian love poetry are discussed. ...
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The nature of metaphor is collective and communal, and since historical issues play a role in the selection of the origin of metaphors and their cognitive function, in the present research, the reasons for the emergence of the conceptual metaphor "the lover is light" in Persian love poetry are discussed. Therefore, firstly, the descriptive-analytical method was used to analyze the lyrical poetry of Sa’di and Monzavi, and then, the motifs of the sun were studied and analyzed using the comparative method. The results of the research show that in Sa’di's poem, one of the factors of the emergence of this macro metaphor is the lover's veiled face and the need to clarify the beauty of the beloved and how he is present, but in the Monzavi's poem where the beloved is not veiled, the cognitive functions of this metaphor change. It has been found significantly and the target area has changed from the lover to the lover, and the metaphor "the lover is light" has found creative aspects that are conceptualized from a different perspective every time. The role of the elements of the sun in the contemporary iranian images and the image of the female sun on the pottery show the extension of the metaphor "the sun is the goddess" which fits with the conceptual metaphor "the lover is the sun" in the Persian romantic sonnet.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Bahman heidari; Masoud Dehghan; Amer Gheitury
Abstract
Cognitive poetics, as one of the main branches of cognitive sciences, allows the reader to analyze a text with the help of tools and text builder elements. The present study aims at identifying the builder elements of poetry, an excerpt from the poems of Shirko Bikas entitled “Ma’rouf Aghaee, ...
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Cognitive poetics, as one of the main branches of cognitive sciences, allows the reader to analyze a text with the help of tools and text builder elements. The present study aims at identifying the builder elements of poetry, an excerpt from the poems of Shirko Bikas entitled “Ma’rouf Aghaee, a rhythmic poem and a dead rain" from the collection of “lights above the peak” to study and analyze it by descriptive-analytic method and based on Text Worlds Theory proposed by Paul Werth in 1999. The results were obtained by identifying the different layers of Shirko Bikas poem, which was accompanied by a departure from the world of the original text to the sub-worlds and then a return to the world of the original text. The results showed that the most important feature of his poems is the use of special names, conceptual metaphors and also the use of adverbs as the most important world building elements in the building of the sub-worlds and the text world. The findings showed that the use of mental processes in the building of sub-worlds and the use of relational and material processes in the building of the text world are the most important function advancing propositions. And also, the findings indicated that in the selected excerpt, the reason for the tendency to read these poems is in the high frequency of the want-worlds and the collapse of the layer of the discourse world and the text world.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Tariq Zakir; Seyd Esmaiel Ghafelebashi; Ghorban Waliyi
Abstract
Emotion is one of the most important and vital element of poetry. Every poem is a kind of reaction of the artist's self-interactions. Psychic interactions are one of the main stimuli for the formation of works of art. Thus, Mawlana's lyric poems are the result of pure mystical experiences and the arousal ...
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Emotion is one of the most important and vital element of poetry. Every poem is a kind of reaction of the artist's self-interactions. Psychic interactions are one of the main stimuli for the formation of works of art. Thus, Mawlana's lyric poems are the result of pure mystical experiences and the arousal of his powerful emotions. In this very article, the predominant aspect of the reflected emotions of Shams's lyric poems has been investigated using Robert Pluchik's theory of "fundamental emotions" in a descriptive-analytical method. In this research, one point (mark) has been considered for each verse and in the analyzing of verses, linguistic elements (sounds, words, compounds, sentences), direct lexical signification, and rhetorical techniques have been used. In Mawlana's sonnets, different types of emotions (primary and complex) have been expressed to different degrees of intensity, which is more than ninety percent of the expressed emotions. This research shows that 24 emotions of Pluchik model are reflected in Mawlana's sonnets. The reflected emotions in Mawlana's sonnets are love, happiness, astonishment, hope, acceptance, humility, respectively. The emotion of love is at the top with 50.92 percent points and despair is at the bottom of the table with 0.02 points.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Sadeq Rashidi; fatemeh azimifard
Abstract
The present article, as a qualitative research, has been written with an analytical approach and aim to explain the concept of adaptation from the perspective of intertextuality theory, and has examined intertextuality theory and several other key concepts. It seems that the concept that is presented ...
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The present article, as a qualitative research, has been written with an analytical approach and aim to explain the concept of adaptation from the perspective of intertextuality theory, and has examined intertextuality theory and several other key concepts. It seems that the concept that is presented in the performing arts as an adaptation is in fact a traditional preparation and technique and idea about the meaning of taking from previous texts, which can be explained basically by the theory of intertextuality. The concept of adaptation traditionally emphasizes a kind of omnipresence and explicitly highlights an aspect of the broad and complex dimensions of the various relationships between texts. In general, one of the most important consequences of the development of intertextuality theory and intertextuality theories has been the gradual dissolution of the concept of text as a coherent and autonomous semantic unit, which in turn has led to a shift from a single, independent and mythical text to a new concept of it. That is the way in which texts are related to other categories and texts. Therefore, explaining the nature of adaptation and its relevance to intertextual theory requires our familiarity with some important theoretical concepts proposed by Genet under the theory of hypertextuality, which we have examined in this article.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Soudabeh Safari senegani; Bahman Namvar motlagh
Abstract
The narrative of " Sabzeh ghaba" is one of the folk tale, how trajectory of hero in mythic journey in story of "sabze ghaba" Based on monomythic model of Campbell's hero's journey Also, identification of protagonist's psychological Tibi Kahler based on T.A. theory, is main issue of research. This research ...
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The narrative of " Sabzeh ghaba" is one of the folk tale, how trajectory of hero in mythic journey in story of "sabze ghaba" Based on monomythic model of Campbell's hero's journey Also, identification of protagonist's psychological Tibi Kahler based on T.A. theory, is main issue of research. This research purpose is study of subconscious mind of story audience and find out narrative motivation of story of hero's journey in mythic story of "Sabzeh ghaba".This article analyzes story of "Sabzeh ghaba" with mythological and psychological approach.This study shows that total levels of initiation and departure levels exist in pattern of hero's journey theory and return levels do not see in story of "Sabzeh ghaba". In addition, research proves existence of interaction between psycho-moral and narrative motives in formation of symbolic story of "Sabzeh ghaba". This study also concludes that going through personality development as an archetype in collective unconscious in human beings is trans-regional value.This research shows existence of Tibi Kahler “be hardworking" in the draft of the protagonist's life. Therefore, this study concludes that Eric Berne's Tibi Kahler theory is reflected in tests of Campbell's hero's journey; And indicates existence of Tibi Kahler in Iranian mythology.Research method is descriptive-content analysis and data collection is field and library.
Literary interdisciplinary research
yahya talebian; Mohammad Sadegh Fattah Atani; Mahmod Bashiri
Abstract
Based on the findings of linguists, Alamuti dialect can be divided into the subgroup of North-Western languages of ancient Iran. Iranian languages can also be examined in the form of the large "Indo-European" language family. The horizon of comparison and connection of Alamuti dialect with English language ...
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Based on the findings of linguists, Alamuti dialect can be divided into the subgroup of North-Western languages of ancient Iran. Iranian languages can also be examined in the form of the large "Indo-European" language family. The horizon of comparison and connection of Alamuti dialect with English language in the beginning and origin in terms of form, phonetic and semantic structure, expands a wide range of research before the eyes of researchers, still many words with its old form and phonetic construction are used in the language of Alamuti speakers. In this article, some ancient morphological features of this dialect will be briefly mentioned. According to the research method which is descriptive and analytical, to prove the above attitude, twenty words and three suffixes that overlap with some English words in terms of phonetic form and meaning are examined and compared; First, he explores the words in the ancient origins and roots of Iranian languages (Pahlavi and Avestan), then he compares the words in a deeper view in the context of the Indo-European language family, and to these questions He answers that: What are the semantic and phonetic similarities of some words of Alamuti dialect with the words of the English language in their roots and origins? Are these similarities coincidental or does it indicate a common origin in a large language family? Based on this research, the ancient identity and originality of this dialect can be seen in the collection of Iranian languages and its connection with the family of Indo-European languages.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Reyhaneh Ghandi; zahra hayati
Abstract
Based on the findings of linguists, Alamuti dialect can be divided into the subgroup of North-Western languages of ancient Iran. Iranian languages can also be examined in the form of the large "Indo-European" language family. The horizon of comparison and connection of Alamuti dialect with English language ...
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Based on the findings of linguists, Alamuti dialect can be divided into the subgroup of North-Western languages of ancient Iran. Iranian languages can also be examined in the form of the large "Indo-European" language family. The horizon of comparison and connection of Alamuti dialect with English language in the beginning and origin in terms of form, phonetic and semantic structure, expands a wide range of research before the eyes of researchers, still many words with its old form and phonetic construction are used in the language of Alamuti speakers. In this article, some ancient morphological features of this dialect will be briefly mentioned. According to the research method which is descriptive and analytical, to prove the above attitude, twenty words and three suffixes that overlap with some English words in terms of phonetic form and meaning are examined and compared; First, he explores the words in the ancient origins and roots of Iranian languages (Pahlavi and Avestan), then he compares the words in a deeper view in the context of the Indo-European language family, and to these questions He answers that: What are the semantic and phonetic similarities of some words of Alamuti dialect with the words of the English language in their roots and origins? Are these similarities coincidental or does it indicate a common origin in a large language family? Based on this research, the ancient identity and originality of this dialect can be seen in the collection of Iranian languages and its connection with the family of Indo-European languages.
Literary interdisciplinary research
ataollah koopal
Abstract
All authors have long sought to find attractive and lasting names for their works, and the discussion about the entitling of literary works has been as important as study on their structure and content, in the discussions of literary criticism. The main approach of the article is based on an interdisciplinary ...
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All authors have long sought to find attractive and lasting names for their works, and the discussion about the entitling of literary works has been as important as study on their structure and content, in the discussions of literary criticism. The main approach of the article is based on an interdisciplinary foundation, between literature and linguistics. The article aims to present a comprehensive classification of naming methods of literary works using the knowledge of linguistics and based on the construction rules of the Persian language. The claim of this article is that the writers of Iran and the world have used very definite and limited methods in the construction of language to entitle their works, whether in Persian or in other languages, and many of these methods are similar. This article is written in a descriptive and analytical way, using the approach of analyzing the names of literary works, based on “construction” and “Persian grammar”. The author of this article has used syntactic and grammatical classification methods in the classification of names. The article tries to reach this conclusion, contrary to what is believed, entitling a literary work is the most difficult part of creating a work; the naming of works follows simple and repetitive patterns, familiarity with which can facilitate the naming of literary works for any contemporary writer.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Hassan Albari Beiragh; Rostam Shahmohammadi; Amineh Haghighi Poshtiri
Abstract
AbstractThe idea of "evolution based on natural selection" was introduced by Charles Darwin in the second half of the nineteenth century, it did not remain only in the field of biology and had a profound effect on the understanding of humanities and social scientists of the subjects they studied. Psychology ...
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AbstractThe idea of "evolution based on natural selection" was introduced by Charles Darwin in the second half of the nineteenth century, it did not remain only in the field of biology and had a profound effect on the understanding of humanities and social scientists of the subjects they studied. Psychology and literary criticism were among the teachings that were influenced by this theory in terms of insight and method, and founded literary Darwinism. Literary Darwinism claims that literary behaviors are rooted in mankind evolved nature. Of course, sometimes the term "evolutionary critique" has replaced "literary Darwinism" and been used instead.In this article, we have tried to present a report on the influence of literature and literary criticism on the theory of evolution and show that evolutionary literary criticism seeks to identify basic and common human needs such as: sexual attractiveness, childbearing, social status and Like them. Therefore, based on evolutionary psychology and biology, while presenting a new reading of literary texts, to explore the human characters represented in literature. After introducing this approach to the literary text, using a descriptive-analytical method, one of the most popular contemporary Iranian novels (Bamdad Khomar) written by Fataneh Haj Seyed Javadi has been Evolutionary Criticism examined. We have come to the conclusion that literary evolutionary critique, Has the capacity to represent the biological content of fiction texts, it depicts human nature well through the analysis of these types of texts.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Tahereh Ishany; Maryam Ameli Rezaei; Ali Janmohammadi
Abstract
By analyzing the different layers of the text, critical stylistics seeks to identify hidden concepts beneath the surface of the language and to discover the ideology that governs it and the networks of power in the text. Given that the Dervishian are ideological, protesting, and critical writers of the ...
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By analyzing the different layers of the text, critical stylistics seeks to identify hidden concepts beneath the surface of the language and to discover the ideology that governs it and the networks of power in the text. Given that the Dervishian are ideological, protesting, and critical writers of the time, understanding the ideologies and, consequently, the social, economic, and cultural disorders of his day is of great importance among his works. The present study was done with a critical stylistic approach and in a layered manner using descriptive-analytical and statistical methods; It seeks to answer these questions: First, what are the most obvious stylistic features of Ali Ashraf Darvishian's stories with regard to layered stylistics? What is the hidden ideology of the hypertext of Dervishian stories? And how are power relations manifested in the stories of Ali Ashraf Darvishian? The results of this study indicate that the most prominent feature of the style of Darvishian's stories is the application of the element of the centralization and the author's ideology includes "fight against poverty", "fight against ignorance", "fight against injustice" and "fight against tradition". Also, as can be seen from the Darvishian stories and looking at Michel Foucault's definition of power, it can be said that power in this series of stories is a chain, complex and layered category at all levels of society.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Khalil Baygzade; parisa ahmadi; sosan jabri; abdoireza naderifar
Abstract
Chaos and order are dual opposites of meaning production in Yuri Lutmann's cultural semiotics. Order is a positive and constructive thing that, by being in the interaction of chaos, which is a negative and destructive thing, causes the production of meaning and the creation of complex concepts. This ...
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Chaos and order are dual opposites of meaning production in Yuri Lutmann's cultural semiotics. Order is a positive and constructive thing that, by being in the interaction of chaos, which is a negative and destructive thing, causes the production of meaning and the creation of complex concepts. This article aims to make a comparative reading of Reza Ghasemi's novel The chahe Babol and Baha Taher's Vahei Ghorob based on the pattern of chaos and order by Yuri Lutman with a descriptive-analytical approach.The results of the research indicate that the authors have expressed their inner feelings in the structure of fictional characters in dealing with the new atmosphere and different culture based on chaos and disorder in the text of the two novels Chah Babol and Vahei Ghorob.Eternal turmoil and butterfly wing movement make events in these novels nonlinear and events based on uncertainty; In fact, any complex phenomenon, such as fear and disorder, is affected by other events.These events are things like: eternal turmoil, pre-order chaos and post-order chaos that cause changes and turmoil in the heart of the text and fictional characters. What is very similar in the two novels is the eternal turmoil, the main basis of which is fear and confusion, and the butterfly wing movement is the main difference between the two novels, which has become more frequent in the novel Chah Babol due to different time periods.
Literary interdisciplinary research
FATEMEH JAMALI; hamid taheri; melika haji shabanian
Abstract
The famous Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung believes in another kind of subconscious mind, which expresses unfulfilled thoughts and aspirations and is not an individual fear, but a repository of tendencies and thoughts that are common to all human beings. Understanding the subconscious, which Jung ...
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The famous Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung believes in another kind of subconscious mind, which expresses unfulfilled thoughts and aspirations and is not an individual fear, but a repository of tendencies and thoughts that are common to all human beings. Understanding the subconscious, which Jung calls the collective subconscious, is possible, for example, by studying the myths of different nations that manifest human transcendental tendencies and thoughts. Jung extensively studied the mythological systems in various cultures and compiled a collection of universal mental images, which in his school are called archetypes. Archaeological examination is not only a way to understand general patterns of human behavior, but also a way to critically read literary texts and works of art. Emad al-Din Faqih Kermani's treatise is one of the mystical Masnavi of the eighth century AH, which is worth researching and studying from the point of view of archetypal critique. In this article, we intend to analyze the various forms of ancient types (archetypes) in it and this research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and using library resources with the aim of recognizing and examining the main and secondary archetypes of the poet's treatise. In this study, it was found that the most important archetypes used in Masnavi Tarighatnameh include old age, mask, shadow and rebirth or rebirth.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Tahmine Choobsaz; mohammad aref
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study hidden dramatic elementsEspecially ecological illustrated dialogues and mind games in “Death of Yazdgerd" play by Bahram Beyzai, and "Cat and Fish" screenplay by Shahram Mokri, from a symbolist anthropological perspective, analytically and etymologically. ...
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The purpose of this article is to study hidden dramatic elementsEspecially ecological illustrated dialogues and mind games in “Death of Yazdgerd" play by Bahram Beyzai, and "Cat and Fish" screenplay by Shahram Mokri, from a symbolist anthropological perspective, analytically and etymologically. These works are symbolic semantics with a new form and content which transmit of mental concepts in Iranian dramatic literatures. Therefore, they were considered by many critics and people inside and outside Iran. With using the symbolist anthropological approach,The death of Yazdgerd Bahram Beizai has also been considered by twentieth-century anthropologists, including Branislav Malinowski and Clifford Geertz, for reasons hidden in the work of hidden functionalist features.this article shows that these two works text elements are rooted in universal thinking, which has enabled these two works to communicate with the world through symbolic effects. This article has been prepared by descriptive-analytical method and has also been analyzed by qualitative content analysis method.
Literary interdisciplinary research
akbar heidarian; hashem sadeghi
Abstract
AbstractThe present study aims to criticize "the dictionary of medical and pharmacological terms in Persian literature" written by Mehdi Mohaghegh and Hamideh Hejazi in 2015, with a descriptive-analytical approach. To this end, all graphical and structural aspects of the book were investigated in terms ...
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AbstractThe present study aims to criticize "the dictionary of medical and pharmacological terms in Persian literature" written by Mehdi Mohaghegh and Hamideh Hejazi in 2015, with a descriptive-analytical approach. To this end, all graphical and structural aspects of the book were investigated in terms of the principles of scientific writing. On top of that, the book's content was analyzed in terms of its contribution to the literature. The lack of explicit and sufficient terms in the mentioned book was the primary motivation of the present book, though the book's writers had provided enough information regarding the determination and explanation of medical and pharmacological terms in Persian literature. In this vein, the present study, without any biases and fairness, aims to provide a critical review of the mentioned book and explore the methodological foundations by analyzing the book's graphical and structural aspects.ط ط ط ط ط ط ط ط
Literary interdisciplinary research
Fatemeh Rakei
Abstract
Along with the historical sources the literary texts, possess a lofty position. The present research is based upon the story of Zal and Roodabeh which has been excerpted from the mythological part of Ferdowsi’s SHahnameh, the great Iranian epic. The research has focused upon the character of Sindokht, ...
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Along with the historical sources the literary texts, possess a lofty position. The present research is based upon the story of Zal and Roodabeh which has been excerpted from the mythological part of Ferdowsi’s SHahnameh, the great Iranian epic. The research has focused upon the character of Sindokht, Roodabeh’s mother and wife of Mehrab Kaboli. Sindokht Character has been studied from the mythological scope, the scope which one of its ends penetrates into the misty unknown ancient world and its other end links to the history with all its upheavals. Sindokht is a symbol and the manifestation of the approach of Iranian culture with women. The stories of SHahnameh have been transferred orally from one generation to another and at length with the gifted talent of Ferdowsi they have been crystalized in the format of poetry. The story relates the women’s role and their deliberation in managing the family and settling down the political and social tensions to prevent inevitable wars. The findings of the research shows the position of women in the sphere of ancient Iran, endorsed by the findings historical recourses about the status of women in the family among Aryan people and the ancient Iranians.
Literary interdisciplinary research
Mozhgan Rabbani; Mehyar Alavi Moghaddam; Mahmoud Firouzimoghaddam; Sahand Kheirabadi
Abstract
This article tries to analysis an adaptation film "Bloody Cow" by Behrouz Afkhami from a novel by Jafar Modarres Sadeghi based on the intersemiotics and the pattern of Roland Barthes’ narrative codes. In the criticism of cinematic works, we pay attention to the aesthetic aspects, staging, visual ...
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This article tries to analysis an adaptation film "Bloody Cow" by Behrouz Afkhami from a novel by Jafar Modarres Sadeghi based on the intersemiotics and the pattern of Roland Barthes’ narrative codes. In the criticism of cinematic works, we pay attention to the aesthetic aspects, staging, visual elements of the film and the theme of the film, mainly, and its semantic and signs meanings, semiology components are paid less attention. In analysis of cinema, the semiotic approaches pay attention to examines, analyzes and interprets the act of signification and the process of textualization, and the film as a signal visual system, including "image", "index” and the "symbol". In the intersemiotics approach, base on Roland Barthes’ pattern of narrative codes, ie. hermeneutic, cultural, semantic, active and symbolic codes, it is possible to analyze the analysis of cinematic films, including the adaptation of "Blood Cow". The result of this research is that by examining the distinctive sign system between these two linguistic-literary text and the visual text, it is possible to analyze the intersemiotics between a literary-narrative text (in this research: Blood cow novel) and the adaptation-narrative film (in this research: Blood Cow film). The analysis of intersemiotics of cinematic works, including the adaptation film"Bloody Cow" base on these narrative codes, enriches textual and cinematic studies.
Literary interdisciplinary research
hamed safi
Abstract
History of Nations and Kings" or "History of Messenger and Kings" is the name of a book written by Mohammad Jarir Tabari in the history of the world from the begining of creation to the end of the year 302 AH. We have received a book from Abu Ali Muhammad Bal'ami known as the "History of Tabari" or "Tarikh ...
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History of Nations and Kings" or "History of Messenger and Kings" is the name of a book written by Mohammad Jarir Tabari in the history of the world from the begining of creation to the end of the year 302 AH. We have received a book from Abu Ali Muhammad Bal'ami known as the "History of Tabari" or "Tarikh Bal'ami". Scholars believe that Balami translated Tabari's book into Persian and reduced some of its contents and added parts. In the present study, the narrations of Tabari and Bal'ami from the events of Ashura on the year 61 AH have been analyzed, compared and analyzed. This research is based on Hypertextuality. According to this theory, all texts are taken from previous texts. The opening text is called the "Hypotext" and the last text is called the "Hypertext". During overwriting, changes are made to the text called "Transformation". According to the results of this study, Balami's narration from the day of Ashura can not be a translation of Tabari's narration
Literary interdisciplinary research
Fatima Qobadi; Hosseinali Ghobadi
Abstract
In the field of contemporary Iranian literature and cinema - more or less like the world art currents - genres generally live with their distinctive aspects. Especially the gap between realist and mystical approaches is quite tangible, but in recent decades we have seen events that break the boundaries ...
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In the field of contemporary Iranian literature and cinema - more or less like the world art currents - genres generally live with their distinctive aspects. Especially the gap between realist and mystical approaches is quite tangible, but in recent decades we have seen events that break the boundaries of genres and some literary texts or films have moved to the inter-genre, which is one of the results of the intersubjective currents of thought in modern society, and in literary and artistic texts, competing concepts or themes are sometimes intertwined and reconciled. Naturally, such works find strong intertextual relations with the rich Iranian-Islamic heritage in the world of art and literature are at the forefront. Obviously, Majidi's film Khorshid has achieved such a feature with a significant change. Majidi succeeded in incorporating seemingly inconsistent genres of realism in mystical works, and with this combination of narcissism, he presented a film in the inter-genre, anti-traditional, unfamiliar, and innovative atmosphere. The purpose of this research is to explore the aspects of the emergence of this innovative inter-genre, which seems to be consistent with the foundations of the textual developments of recent decades. The research method is descriptive-analytical and its theoretical framework has been formed based on genre critique and genre studies. In summary, the perspective of the research results show the emergence of realist-mystical inter-genre features in Majid Majidi's film Khorshid Majidi, and he has succeeded in combining reality with holiness and love and representing his artistry and holism in this film.
Literary interdisciplinary research
ayoob moradi
Abstract
Adolescence is one of the most period in life. The issue of identity formation and related concerns is one of the other issues related to this period that any disorder in its process can have negative effects. In particular, the judgments of others play an important role in shaping the identity structure. ...
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Adolescence is one of the most period in life. The issue of identity formation and related concerns is one of the other issues related to this period that any disorder in its process can have negative effects. In particular, the judgments of others play an important role in shaping the identity structure. Meanwhile, the presence of physical, personality or behavioral defects and defects in adolescents. can affect the judgment of others on the one hand and the adolescent's attitude to self-identity on the other. Irving Goffman, has studied various types of defects affecting the personality and social relations of individuals through his theory of social action. According to this sociologist, individuals' identities can be damaged in three ways: physical disabilities, personality disorders, and ethnic differences. In this condition, either the burn is visible to others or there is no sign of a defect in appearance. the main concern is to hide the stigma. A situation that creates fear and anxiety. Nasser Yousefi's novel "The Taste of Yellow Apple" is one of the most successful teen novels in which the author deals with the effect of the stigma of personality and ethnicity on the psyche of the characters. The present study, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, seeks to investigate the effect of stigma on the main characters of this novel, namely "Sina" and "Nesar", the former suffering from personality defects and the latter due to his Afghan nationality. An issue that has led to serious crises and their isolation.
