Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 humanities faculty, Razi University, kermanshah, iran
2 Member of faculty at Razi University, Kermanshah, iran
Abstract
Modern Persian and Kurdish poetry witnessed transformation and reform during the same period. Nima Yushij and Abdullah Goran are considered the leaders of modern Persian and Kurdish (Sorani) poetry. The present study, using an analytical-descriptive method, attempts to examine literary fields, character, and diverse capitals related to social actors, using Pierre Bourdieu's theory of "action," and to analyze the obvious and hidden reasons for the emergence of modern Persian and Kurdish poetry. The aim of the research is to discover the connection between socio-political situations, life, behavior, and intellectual structures and their impact on the production of literary texts of each of the mentioned poets. The results obtained show that the volume of cultural, economic, symbolic, and social capital of poets and the shape of their position in socio-political fields, especially the field of literary production, are among the factors influencing the modernization of Persian and Kurdish poetry. Also, the major changes that occurred in the political and social atmosphere of the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century in Iran and Kurdistan are considered the main and most important reason for the change in literature and the reform of Persian and Kurdish poetry. The most important of these factors in Iran was the Constitutional Revolution and its consequences, and in Kurdistan, the people's struggles and the political uprising of Sheikh Mahmoud in Sulaymaniyah are considered the main reasons for the development of literature in Kurdistan, and especially Iraqi Kurdistan.
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