Literary Interdisciplinary Research

Analysis of Two Poems by Shafi'i Kadkani with a Cognitive Poetic Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

soheila sadeghi 1
Behnaz Alipoor gaskari 2
belgheis rovshan 3
behnaz payamani 4

1 Ph.D. student in Persian language and literature, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Persian language and literature, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. .

3 Professor, Department of Linguistics & foreign languages, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

4 Associated professor, Department of Persian language and literature, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

10.30465/lir.2022.36077.1292
Abstract
Cognitive poetic theory is based on linguistic techniques such as analogical reasoning and the type of language units. According to Marguerite Freeman's theory (2000), each text has three levels of attribute, relational and system mapping. In the first level, the similarity between objects is analyzed. In the second level, the relationships between objects are investigated and in the third level, the pattern that exists in the conceptual and structural relationships of the work is explored as a whole. In this study, with the aim of understanding Shafi'i Kadkani's cognitive style, his two poems were examined in the framework of this theory. Research questions are: 1- Is there a significant relationship between structure and content in Shafi'i Kadkani poetry? 2- Is it possible to approach the unspoken meanings in the text and the author's thought patterns with analogical mapping? The results of this study showed that in the first poem, the image that is created in the mind of the audience from the reflection of two different conceptual spaces in the text; It is also reflected in the structural and linguistic dimension of poetry, Because in lines 5 to 9 - as the heart of the poetry The use of language and pronouns are different from other parts of the text. The same pattern is repeated in the second poem and the boring rotation of life in poetry is represented in the structure of the work. Analogical mappings showed; there is an obstacle to reach the ideal world in both poems who is the narrator herself. Based on these results; Significant consistency of the structure and content of the poems and also The effectiveness of the solutions of poetic-cognitive theory to approach the unspoken meanings of text and the author's thought patterns was proved.

Keywords

Cognitive Poetics
analogical mappings
Shafi'i Kadkani
address
grief
  • Ardebili L, Barekat B, Rovshan B, mohammad ebrahimi Z. (2014). “Text Coherence as Determined by Conceptual Blending Theory”, Journal of Linguistic Essays, Volume 6, Number 5 (26), Pp. 27-47. [In Persian]
  • Barcelona, Antonio. (2012). Metaphor and metonymy at the crossroads: a cognitive perspective, translated by Farzan Sojoudi et al. 1st edition, Tehran: naghsh jahan. [In Persian]
  • Brandt, Line & Brandt, Per Aage. (2005). Cognitive poetics and imager. European Journal of English Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2 Pp 117-130.
  • Ehsani, Zahra, Sha'iri, Hamidreza and Moin, Morteza Babak. (2020). "Semio semantic and narrative analysis of conversation of risk taking discourse system in Hamnavaei shabane orkestre chubha” journal of narrative studies, Volume 4, Issue 7, April, Pp 1-  [In Persian]
  • Fauconnier, Gilles and Turner, mark. (2002). “The way we think”: a new theory of how ideas happen. New York: basic books.
  • Faconnier, Gilles. (1997). “Mapping in though and language”. Cambridge: Cambridg University press.
  • Freeman Margaret H. (2007). “Poetic iconicity”. In Cognition in language: volume in Honour of professor Elzbieta Tabakowska, Wladislaw Chlopicki, Andrzej Pawelec, and Agnieska Pojoska, (eds.), 472- 50. Krakow: Tertum.
  • Freeman, M. (2000). “Poetry and the scope of metaphor”: Toward a cognitive theory of litraure. In Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads. A Cognitive Perspective . Ed. Antonio Barcelona. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter, Pp 253-81.
  • Freeman Margaret H. (2009). “Minding: feeling, form and meaning in the creation of poetic iconicity” acid- free paper which falls within the guidelines of the “ANSI” to ensure. Pp 169- 196.
  • Freeman, Margaret. (2009). "The Role of Metaphor in Poetic Iconicity", Los Angeles Valley Colleg , https://www.researchgate.net/ Margaret_Freeman/publicationCoverPdf, uploaded by Margaret H Freeman on 21 October 2014.
  • Floch, J.M. (1995). Identite’s visuelles. Paris: PUF.
  • Geert Broneand JeroenVadaele. (2009). “Cognitive poeticsØ› Goals, Gains & Gaps”: acid- free Paper which falls within the guidelines of the “ANSI” to ensure. P165. C65. 415- De 22.
  • Gibbs, Raymond. W. (1994). “The poetics of mind: Figurative Thought, language and understanding”, Cambridge: Cambridge university press.
  • Golfam A, Rovshan B, Shir Reza F. (2015). The Application of Text World Theory to Recognize Narrative Elements in Shazdeh Ehtejab: A Cognitive Poetics Approach. Bimonthly of Linguistic Essays, Volume 5, Number 5, Consecutive 21, Pp. 206-183. [In Persian]
  • Johnson, (1987). The body in the mind. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. [In Persian]
  • Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (2003). Metaphors we live by. London: The University of Chicago Press.
  • Lee, D. (2001). Cognitive linguistics: An introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Mu, Wei (2006). “Towards a Computational Model of Image Schema Theory”. NC State Computer Science. November 29 http:// csc.ncsu.edu/ research/tech /reports.php#2006.
  • Nanny, Max and Fischer Olga. (1999). “Form miming meaning”: Iconicity in Press. Language and literature. Amsterdam/ Phidephia: John Benjamins.
  • Peirce, harles Sanders. (1955). Philosophical Writing of Peirce. Justus Buchler (ed.) New York: Dover.
  • Pordel, Mojtaba, Rezaei, Hadaegh and Rafiei, Adel. (2018). "Creation of Genesis Meaning in White Poetry Based on the Theory of Conceptual Integration", Bimonthly of Linguistic Essays, Volume 8, Number 3 (38), August and September, Pp. 43-66.
  • Porto M. D., Romano., M. (2010). Conceptual integration in natural oral narratives. Narratology, 12, Pp 15-30.
  • Pour Namdarian, Taghi. (2003). My house is cloudy, poetry from tradition to modernity, Tehran, Soroush Publications, second edition. [In Persian]
  • D. (2009). Cognitive science and literature: A cognitive analysis of the metaphoric processes in short stories. Cognitive Philology, 2, Pp 1-10.
  • Roshan, Belqis and Leila Ardabili. (2016). Introduction to Cognitive Semantics, Second Edition, Tehran, elam Publishing. [In Persian]
  • Sadeghi, Leila. (2012). “Interpretation of ‘A Tale ’, a poem by Ahmad Shamloo by Cognitive Poetics Approach”, Journal of Linguistic Research, Volume 3, Number 4 (12 consecutive) Winter, Pp. 167-149. [In Persian]
  • Sadeghi, Leila. (2013). “The Function of Macrofiction and System Mapping in the Interpretation of “Conference of the Birds” by Attar Nishapuri (A Cognitive Poetics Approach)”, Journal of Linguistic Research. No. 4, consecutive 20, December and January, Pp. 147-125. [In Persian]
  • Sadeghi L, Afkhami A, Sojoodi F.(2017). “The Persian Visual Poetry through Cognitive Poetics Approach” Linguistic Essays Quarterly Volume 6, Number 4, Consecutive 26, Pp. 159-186. [In Persian]
  • Sadeghi, Leila. (2011). “Reading the Text World of Omar Khayyam's Poetry According to System Mapping by Cognitive Poetics Approach” Linguistic Essays, No. 175, winter, 2011, Pp. 107-129. [In Persian]
  • Sadeghi, Leila (2016). "How Poetry Becomes Cognitive", taken from the author's personal website:leilasadeghi.com/naghd/note/710-cognitive-poetic. [In Persian]
  • Sadeghi, Soheila, Sayed Yazdi, Zahra and Bagheri, Narges. (2016). "Analysis of Conceptual Mappings in Two Poems by Mehdi Akhavan Sales with a Cognitive Poetics Approach" Linguistic Essays Quarterly Volume 6, Number 4, Consecutive 26, Pp. 305-324. [In Persian]
  • Safavi, Cyrus. (2014). "Which meaning?” Journal of Language Science, first year, first issue, Pp. 11-40. [In Persian]
  • Safavi, Cyrus. (2011). Discourses in Linguistics, Tehran: Hermes. [In Persian]
  • Semino, Elana & Jonathan Culper (2002). “Cognitive Stylistics” language and cognition in text analysis. Amsterdam / Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Semino, E. (2006). Blending and characters’ mental functioning in Virginia Woolf’ Lappin and Lapinova. Language and Literature, 15(1), Pp 55-72.
  • Shaeiri, Hamid Reza. (1394). “Discourse Resistance, Insistence and Appeasement: the Realms of Discourse and its Semiotic Functions”, Journal of the Iranian Sociological Association, Volume 16, Issue 1, pp. 128-110. [In Persian]
  • Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza. (2006). A Mirror for Sounds, Fifth Edition, Tehran: Sokhan. [In Persian]
  • Steen, F. (2002). The politics of love: Propaganda and structural learning in Aphra Behn’s “Love Letters between a Nobleman and his Sister”. Poetics Today, 23, 91-122.
  • Stockwell, Peter. (2002). Cognitive Poetics, an introduction, Translated by Leila Sadeghi, 1st edition, Tehran: Morvarid
  • Stockwell, Peter. (2002). “Cognitive poetics”: An introduction. London: Routledge.
  • Sweetser, E.(1990). From Etymology to Pragmatics: Metaphorical and Cultural Aspect of Semantic Structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tsur, Reuven. (1992). “Toward a theory of cognitive poetics”. Amsterdam: North Holland.
  • Turner, M. (1996). The Literary Mind, Oxford: Oxford University.
  • Zalnejhad, Hengameh and Karimi, Ahmad. (2017). "A Study of the Symbolic Effects of Nature in the Poems of Mohammad Reza Shafiee-Kodkani", Quarterly Journal of Persian Language and Literature, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, No. 6, Pp. 120-89. [In Persian]
  • Zarban, Najmeh. (2010). Study of Mental Spaces in Persian Language, Master Thesis in General Linguistics, under the guidance of Dr. Kourosh Safavi, Allameh Tabatabai University. [In Persian]

 

Literary Interdisciplinary Research
Volume 4, Issue 7
May 2022
Pages 224-256

Home

Guide for Authors

Submit Manuscript

Reviewers

Contact Us