Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of persian language and literature, Faculty of Humanities, kosar university of Bojnord, BOjnord, Iran.
2 The Assistant Professor of Persian and Language and Literature, Kosar University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
Abstract
The issue of lifestyle is one of the important topics that is discussed in social semiotics.The position of the subject is represented as a discourse field that is lived in inter-subject interactions and realized in a discourse context.This discourse area is based on socio-cultural conventions based on which the subject interacts with other objects and actions. Eric Landofsky, a social semiotician, in the study of social communication, based on the relationship between the "reference" and "other" groups, has identified four types of "different lifestyles", which include the "snob", "dandy" and "sun worshiper" and "bear" lifestyles. The long history of the class system in Iran and its continuation in the Islamic era until before constitutionalism has organized different lifestyles. Kalileh and Demeneh are among the works that represent the relationship between the ruling and subordinate groups in an allegorical and symbolic way. This article, using Eric Landofsky's approach, examines different lifestyles in the "Lion and Cow" of Kalileh and Demeneh. The result of the present study shows that the snobbish Demeneh represents two types of courtiers' lifestyles (loyal and treacherous) by simulating with the reference group. Like "Dandy", Kalila's behavior tends to be distinguished from the court reference group. At first, like the "sun worshiper", the cow inevitably imitates the reference group, and in the end, like the "bear", it causes its own destruction with an abnormal behavior. The lion, which is a symbol of absolute power, deviates from the ideal king's characteristics by adopting the abnormal behavior style of "bear".
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